The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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75 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17755
The Learning Crisis in the United States Three Years After COVID-19
Harry Anthony Patrinos, Maciej Jakubowski, Tomasz Gajderowicz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17550
The Learning Crisis: Three Years After COVID-19
Tomasz Gajderowicz, Maciej Jakubowski, Alec Kennedy, Christian Christrup, Harry Anthony Patrinos, Rolf Strietholt
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17313
The Returns to Education over Time and the Effect of COVID-19
Harry Anthony Patrinos, Angelica Rivera-Olvera
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17223
Loneliness during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Five European Countries
Anthony Lepinteur, Alessio Rebechi, Andrew E. Clark, Conchita D'Ambrosio, Nicholas Rohde, Claus Vögele
published in: Economics and Human Biology, 2024, 55, 101427
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17139
Pandemic Layoffs and the Role of Stay-at-Home Orders
Marianna Kudlyak, Erin L. Wolcott
published in: Economics Letters, 2024, 242, 111894
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16636
Two Pandemic Years Greatly Reduced Young People's Life Satisfaction: Evidence from a Comparison with Pre-COVID-19 Panel Data
Martin Neugebauer, Alexander Patzina, Hans Dietrich, Malte Sandner
published in: European Sociological Review, 2024, 40 (5), 872 - 886
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16592
School Closures, Mortality, and Human Capital: Evidence from the Universe of Closures during the 1918 Pandemic in Sweden
Christian M. Dahl, Casper W. Hansen, Peter S. Jensen, Martin Karlsson, Daniel Kühnle
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16531
COVID-19 and the European Education Performance Decline: A Focus on Primary School Children's Reading Achievement between 2016 and 2021
Sylke V. Schnepf, Silvia Granato
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16412
The Impacts of COVID-19 on Racial Inequality in Business Earnings
Robert W. Fairlie
published in: Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2024, 43 (1), 258 - 288
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16291
The Political Effects of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in Weimar Germany
Stefan Bauernschuster, Matthias Blum, Erik Hornung, Christoph Koenig
published in: Explorations in Economic History, 2025, 96, 101648.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16265
State-Level Trucking Employment and the COVID-19 Pandemic in the U.S: Understanding Heterogenous Declines and Rebounds
Jonathan Phares, Jason W. Miller, Stephen V. Burks
revised version published as 'Shedding light on truck driver supply and demand: Heterogeneous state-level recovery of trucking employment following the COVID-19 employment shock' in: Transportation Journal, 2025, 65 (1), e12038
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16265
State-Level Trucking Employment and the COVID-19 Pandemic in the U.S: Understanding Heterogenous Declines and Rebounds
Jonathan Phares, Jason W. Miller, Stephen V. Burks
revised version published as 'Shedding light on truck driver supply and demand: Heterogeneous state-level recovery of trucking employment following the COVID-19 employment shock' in: Transportation Journal, 2025, 65 (1), e12038
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16062
The Pandemic Push: Digital Technologies and Workforce Adjustments
Christina Gathmann, Christian Kagerl, Laura Pohlan, Duncan H.W. Roth
revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2024, 89, 102541
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15980
Remote Work across Jobs, Companies, and Space
Stephen Hansen, Peter John Lambert, Nicholas Bloom, Steven J. Davis, Raffaella Sadun, Bledi Taska
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15929
Trust and Social Preferences in Times of Acute Health Crisis
Fortuna Casoria, Fabio Galeotti, Marie Claire Villeval
revised version published in: Annals of Economics and Statistics, 2023, 154, 5-50
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15835
In Need of a Roof: Pandemic and Housing Vulnerability
Kusum Mundra, Ruth Uwaifo Oyelere
published in: Journal of Economics, Race, and Policy, 2024, 7, 27 - 44
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15762
Creative Disruption: Technology Innovation, Labour Demand and the Pandemic
Erling Barth, Alex Bryson, Harald Dale-Olsen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15703
The COVID-19 Baby Bump: The Unexpected Increase in U.S. Fertility Rates in Response to the Pandemic
Martha J. Bailey, Janet Currie, Hannes Schwandt
published in: Demograpy, 2023, 120 (34), e2222075120
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15644
Long Social Distancing
José María Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Steven J. Davis
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15445
Were Small Businesses More Likely to Permanently Close in the Pandemic?
Robert W. Fairlie, Frank M. Fossen, Reid Johnsen, Gentian Droboniku
revised version published in: Small Business Economics, 2023, 60, 1613-1629
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