IZA Discussion Papers

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9221

Sources of the Union Wage Gap: Results from High-Dimensional Fixed Effects Regression Models

John T. Addison, Pedro Portugal, Hugo Vilares

revised version published as 'Union Membership Density and Wages: The Role of Worker, Firm, and Job-Title Heterogeneity' in: Journal of Econometrics. 2023, 233 (2), 612-632.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9218

Losing Our Minds? New Research Directions on Skilled Migration and Development

Michael A. Clemens

published in: International Journal of Manpower, 2016, 37 (7), 1227-1248.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9210

Income Inequality in Bolivia, Colombia, and Ecuador: Different Reasons

María Aristizábal-Ramírez, Gustavo J. Canavire Bacarreza, Michael Jetter

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9204

Minimum Wages in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Primer

Haroon Bhorat, Ravi Kanbur, Benjamin Stanwix

published in: World Bank Observer, 2017, 32 (1), 21 - 74

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9202

Who Believes in Me? The Effect of Student-Teacher Demographic Match on Teacher Expectations

Seth Gershenson, Stephen B. Holt, Nicholas W. Papageorge

published in: Economics of Education Review, 2016, 52, 209-224

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9180

Susceptibility to Default Training Options Across the Population

Lex Borghans, Bart H.H. Golsteyn

published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2015, 117, 369-379

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9179

Worker Reciprocity and the Returns to Training: Evidence from a Field Experiment

Jan Sauermann

published in: Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 2023, 32 (3), 543-557

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9162

Voter Reaction to Government Incompetence and Corruption Related to the 1999 Earthquakes in Turkey

Ali T. Akarca, Aysit Tansel

published in: Journal of Economic Studies, 2016, 43 (2), 309 - 335.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9150

The Ambiguity Triangle: Uncovering Fundamental Patterns of Behavior Under Uncertainty

Daniel R. Burghart, Thomas Epper, Ernst Fehr

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9149

Fairness and Frictions: The Impact of Unequal Raises on Quit Behavior

Arindrajit Dube, Laura Giuliano, Jonathan Leonard

published in: American Economic Review, 2019, 109 (2), 620 - 663

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9138

Direct and Indirect Effects of Training Vouchers for the Unemployed

Martin Huber, Michael Lechner, Anthony Strittmatter

published in: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (Statistics in Society), 2018, 181 (3), 441-463 (

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9136

Experimental Evidence on the Long-Term Impacts of a Youth Training Program

Pablo Ibarrarán, Jochen Kluve, Laura Ripani, David Rosas Shady

published in: Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2019, 72 (1), 85-222

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9134

How to Fight Long-Term Unemployment: Lessons from Germany

Alexander Spermann

published in: IZA Journal of Labor Policy, 2015, 4:15

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9132

Cognitive, Non-Cognitive Skills and Gender Wage Gaps: Evidence from Linked Employer-Employee Data in Bangladesh

Christophe Jalil Nordman, Leopold Sarr, Smriti Sharma

published as 'Skills, Personality Traits and Gender Wage Gaps: Evidence from Bangladesh' in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2019, 71(3), 687-708

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9121

A Big Fish in a Small Pond: Ability Rank and Human Capital Investment

Benjamin Elsner, Ingo E. Isphording

published in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2017, 35(3), 787-828

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9120

Do Wage Expectations Influence the Decision to Enroll in Nursing College?

Jürg Schweri, Joop Hartog

published as 'Do wage expectations predict college enrollment? Evidence from healthcare' in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2017, 141, 135 - 150

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9117

What Drives the Reversal of the Gender Education Gap? Evidence from Germany

Regina T. Riphahn, Caroline Schwientek

published in: Applied Economics, 2015, 47 (53), 5748-5775

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9052

Prepregnancy Obesity and Birth Outcomes

Susan L. Averett, Erin K. Fletcher

published in: Maternal and Child Health Journal, 2016, 20(3), 655-664.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9007

Wage Returns to Mid-Career Investments in Job Training through Employer-Supported Course Enrollment: Evidence for Canada

Wen Ci, Jose C. Galdo, Marcel Voia, Christopher Worswick

published in: IZA Journal of Labor Policy. 2015, 4:9