The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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4,442 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17803
The Consequences of Promoting Data Literacy Among Graduate Students
Margherita Fort, Annalisa Loviglio, Susanna Tinti
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17799
Treasure Islands, Real Jobs? Workers and Anti-Avoidance Policies in a Tax Paradise
Sónia Cabral, Joana Garcia, Raquel Miranda, Susana Peralta, João Pereira dos Santos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17793
The Menopause “Penalty”
Gabriella Conti, Rita Ginja, Petra Persson, Barton Willage
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17790
Why Does Starting School Older Harm Schooling? The Role of Youth Employment Laws
Itay Attar, Danny Cohen-Zada
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17789
Beyond Hot Flashes: The Career Cost of Menopause
Sara Abrahamsson, Mara Barschkett, Martin Flatø
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17778
On the Role of Legislation as a Driver of Incentive Management Practices in Europe
John T. Addison, Paulino Teixeira
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17773
Retaliation Against Trump’s Trade War: Why and How the EU Should Find Alternative Export Markets
Wim Naudé, Martin Cameron
published online as 'Trump's Trade War: EU Exports ar Risk and Alternative Markets' in: Global Economy Journal, 2025,
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17764
China’s Import Competition, Innovation and the Role of Unions
Alessia Matano, Paolo Naticchioni
published in: Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 2025, 73, 423-433
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17763
The Cost of Tolerating Intolerance: Right-Wing Protest and Hate Crimes
Sulin Sardoschau, Annalí Casanueva-Artís
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17762
Firms’ Beliefs About Wage Setting
Antoine Bertheau, Christian Philip Hoeck
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17759
Working Under the Sun: The Role of Occupation in Temperature-Related Mortality in Mexico
R. Daniel Bressler, Anna Papp, Luis Sarmiento, Jeffrey G. Shrader, Andrew J. Wilson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17758
Shaken Politics: The Electoral Outcomes of Disasters and Social Capital
Giovanni Gualtieri, Marcella Nicolini, Fabio Sabatini, Marco Ventura
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17748
Mutual Knowledge of Social Norms and Political Behavior
Anselm Hager, Elnura Kazakbaeva, Lukas Hensel, Damir Esenaliev
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17747
Religion and Economic Development: Past, Present, and Future
Sascha O. Becker, Amma Panin, Steven Pfaff, Jared Rubin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17745
Labor Market Concentration in Germany
Michael Oberfichtner, Martin Popp
published in: German Economic Review, 26 (4), 361-393
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17740
Riders on the Storm
Juan J. Dolado, Álvaro Jáñez, Felix Wellschmied
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17733
Top-Performing Girls Are More Impactful Peer Role Models than Boys, Teachers Say
Sofoklis Goulas, Rigissa Megalokonomou, Panagiotis Sotirakopoulos
published in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2025, 122 (6), e2421436122
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17724
The Relative Importance of the Establishment in the Determination of Job Quality
Alex Bryson, John Forth, Francis Green
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17723
Skills, Migration, and Urban Amenities over the Life Cycle
David Albouy, Jason Faberman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17718
Objective Calls Under the Spotlight: Referee Consistency and Behaviour on Football's Biggest Stage
David Butler, Robert Butler, Carl Singleton
published online in: Journal of Sports Economics, 27 November 2025
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